`vectorized` must be `True` or `False`.

Package:

8546

Exception Class:

ValueError

Raise code

def _bootstrap_iv(data, statistic, vectorized, paired, axis, confidence_level,
                  n_resamples, batch, method, random_state):
    """Input validation and standardization for `bootstrap`."""

    if vectorized not in {True, False}:
        raise ValueError("`vectorized` must be `True` or `False`.")

    if not vectorized:
        statistic = _vectorize_statistic(statistic)

    axis_int = int(axis)
    if axis != axis_int:
        raise ValueError("`axis` must be an integer.")

Links to the raise (1)

https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/e4b3e6eb372b8c1d875f2adf607630a31e2a609c/scipy/stats/_bootstrap.py#L117

Ways to fix

The parameter vectorized expects a boolean type. If a string value is given an error is raised.

Reproducing the error:

pipenv install scipy numpy

import numpy as np
rng = np.random.default_rng()
from scipy.stats import norm
dist = norm(loc=2, scale=4)  # our "unknown" distribution
data = dist.rvs(size=100, random_state=rng,)
print(data.shape,"\n\n")
from scipy.stats import bootstrap
data = (data,)  # samples must be in a sequence
res = bootstrap(data, np.std,vectorized="True", confidence_level=0.9,random_state=rng)
print(res.confidence_interval)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-2-36606821c6b2> in <module>()
      7 from scipy.stats import bootstrap
      8 data = (data,)  # samples must be in a sequence
----> 9 res = bootstrap(data, np.std,vectorized="True", confidence_level=0.9,random_state=rng)
     10 print(res.confidence_interval)

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/scipy/stats/_bootstrap.py in bootstrap(data, statistic, vectorized, paired, axis, confidence_level, n_resamples, batch, method, random_state)
    418     args = _bootstrap_iv(data, statistic, vectorized, paired, axis,
    419                          confidence_level, n_resamples, batch, method,
--> 420                          random_state)
    421     data, statistic, vectorized, paired, axis = args[:5]
    422     confidence_level, n_resamples, batch, method, random_state = args[5:]

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/scipy/stats/_bootstrap.py in _bootstrap_iv(data, statistic, vectorized, paired, axis, confidence_level, n_resamples, batch, method, random_state)
    115 
    116     if vectorized not in {True, False}:
--> 117         raise ValueError("`vectorized` must be `True` or `False`.")
    118 
    119     if not vectorized:

ValueError: `vectorized` must be `True` or `False`.

Fixed:

import numpy as np
rng = np.random.default_rng()
from scipy.stats import norm
dist = norm(loc=2, scale=4)  # our "unknown" distribution
data = dist.rvs(size=100, random_state=rng,)
print(data.shape,"\n\n")
from scipy.stats import bootstrap
data = (data,)  # samples must be in a sequence
res = bootstrap(data, np.std,vectorized=True, confidence_level=0.9,random_state=rng)
print(res.confidence_interval)

(100,) 


ConfidenceInterval(low=3.8970533153782227, high=4.913762711731281)

Aug 23, 2021

kellemnegasi 31.6k

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